Renal Physiology MBBS basic science MCQ , CEE ,Nepal - Shyam Sundar

Friday, 25 October 2024

Renal Physiology MBBS basic science MCQ , CEE ,Nepal

Renal Physiology MBBS basic science MCQ , CEE ,Nepal

Renal Physiology MBBS basic science MCQ , CEE ,Nepal
Friday, 25 October 2024

 

Digestion Quiz

1. The primary functional unit of the kidney is the?





2. The process of filtering blood to form urine occurs primarily in the?





3. Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys?





4. What is the main function of the renal corpuscle?





5. Which structure connects the kidney to the bladder?





6. The primary site of sodium reabsorption in the nephron is the?





7. Which electrolyte is primarily reabsorbed in the Loop of Henle?





8. The secretion of which hormone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubule?





9. The renal threshold for glucose is typically around?





10. The primary mechanism of urine concentration in the kidneys is?





11. Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water?





12. What is the primary role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?





13. The volume of blood that is filtered by the kidneys per minute is known as?





14. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?





15. The hormone that increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys is?





16. Which structure forms the outer layer of the kidney?





17. What is the primary method of urine formation in the nephron?





18. The countercurrent exchange mechanism is primarily found in the?





19. Which of the following best describes the role of the distal convoluted tubule?





20. The main site of potassium secretion in the nephron is the?





21. Which ion is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the extracellular fluid?





22. The glomerular filtration barrier consists of how many layers?





23. Which condition results from an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?





24. The renal pelvis collects urine from the?





25. Which type of nephron is primarily involved in the concentration of urine?





26. The secretion of hydrogen ions primarily occurs in the?





27. The process of reabsorbing glucose in the kidneys is mainly accomplished in the?





28. Which structure primarily regulates the final concentration of urine?





29. The primary site of filtration in the nephron is the?





30. Which of the following hormones is secreted in response to low blood pressure?





31. What is the average daily urine output for a healthy adult?





32. The term for urine formation in the kidneys is called?





33. The primary regulatory mechanism of renal blood flow is?





34. The filtration membrane in the glomerulus is made up of which of the following?





35. The primary component of urine is?





36. The presence of protein in urine is known as?





37. Which nephron segment is responsible for the reabsorption of bicarbonate?





38. The term for the filtering unit of the kidney is?





39. The main function of the Loop of Henle is to?





40. Which structure is primarily responsible for the secretion of waste products into the urine?





41. What role does the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play in the kidneys?





42. The condition characterized by low urine output is known as?





43. The hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production is?





44. Which part of the nephron is mainly responsible for reabsorbing water?





45. What is the effect of diuretics on the renal system?





46. Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly associated with renal failure?





47. The renal blood flow to the kidneys is primarily supplied by which artery?





48. The renal cortex contains which of the following structures?





49. Which type of nephron is primarily involved in excretion rather than filtration?





50. What is the main purpose of the macula densa cells?





51. Which structure is the primary site of potassium reabsorption?





52. Which hormone is responsible for increasing water permeability in the collecting duct?





53. The presence of ketones in urine is typically indicative of?





54. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for reabsorbing most of the filtered water?





55. The renal threshold for bicarbonate reabsorption is typically around?





56. The process by which urine is expelled from the bladder is called?





57. The role of the bladder is to?





58. What is the name of the opening at the base of the bladder where urine exits the body?





59. Which of the following conditions may cause an increase in uric acid levels?





60. The renal tubule is responsible for?





61. Which part of the nephron is most affected in diabetic nephropathy?





62. The average glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for a healthy adult is approximately?





63. Which process occurs in the distal convoluted tubule?





64. What is the primary function of the renal medulla?





65. The amount of urine produced in a day is influenced by which of the following factors?





66. Which segment of the nephron has the highest concentration of sodium reabsorption?





67. Which condition is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine?





68. The primary site of bicarbonate reabsorption is the?





69. The kidneys play a vital role in regulating which of the following?





70. The function of podocytes in the kidney is to?





71. Which of the following substances is NOT normally found in urine?





72. The urinary bladder is lined with which type of epithelium?





73. The main driving force for glomerular filtration is?





74. Which of the following structures is responsible for urine transport to the bladder?





75. Which electrolyte is primarily secreted in the collecting duct?





76. The primary site of urea recycling in the kidney is the?





77. The presence of bilirubin in urine is indicative of?





78. The primary structure responsible for the reabsorption of sodium is the?





79. What condition is characterized by the inability to concentrate urine?





80. Which of the following is a common test to assess kidney function?





81. Which of the following structures is involved in the filtration process?





82. What is the primary role of aquaporins in the kidney?





83. The renal pelvis is responsible for?





84. The presence of high levels of creatinine in the blood is indicative of?





85. Which of the following is a common cause of acute kidney injury?





86. The primary site of filtration in the kidney is?





87. The hormone that promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys is?





88. Which of the following is an indicator of kidney function?





89. The process by which substances are removed from the blood and added to the filtrate is called?





90. The presence of excess urea in the blood is known as?





91. The kidney's role in acid-base balance involves the reabsorption of?





92. Which type of kidney stone is most common?





93. Which of the following conditions can result from chronic kidney disease?





94. The kidney's response to low blood oxygen is to secrete?





95. The kidney's filtration barrier is primarily composed of?





96. The most common cause of chronic kidney disease is?





97. The primary action of diuretics is to?





98. Which of the following is a sign of urinary tract infection (UTI)?





99. Which of the following tests is commonly used to assess renal function?





100. The primary role of the kidneys in the body is to?





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